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9 July 2026

Quantum computing noise reduction research

The topic directly relates to the National Quantum Mission, a major government policy initiative, and covers core technological advancements in quantum computing relevant to the GS3 syllabus.

1 min read 2 questions 2 prelims

Notes

  • Quantum computing utilizes quantum mechanics to perform computations, moving beyond classical binary bits (0 or 1) to qubits.
  • Qubits leverage superposition (existing in multiple states simultaneously) and entanglement (linked states across distances) to increase processing speed.
  • Hardware challenges: Qubits are highly sensitive to environmental interference, leading to decoherence and errors.
  • Current status: Known as 'Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum Computing' (NISQ), processors have error rates between 1% and 0.1%.
  • Error correction: Techniques involve grouping physical qubits into a single 'logical qubit' to suppress error rates exponentially.
  • National Quantum Mission (NQM): India has sanctioned over ₹6,000 crore (April 2023) to develop quantum technologies and intermediate-scale quantum computers by 2031.
  • Applications: Potential for molecular simulation, digital security, logistical optimization, and climate modeling.
  • Expert consensus: Quantum computers are not expected to replace classical computers but will complement them for specific complex tasks.

Questions

  1. Explain the fundamental principles of quantum computing and discuss the primary hardware challenges hindering the development of fault-tolerant quantum processors. 150 words
    Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min
    0 / 150 words 8:00
  2. Analyze the significance of the National Quantum Mission in positioning India as a global leader in emerging technologies. How can quantum computing revolutionize sectors like climate modeling and cryptography while addressing the current limitations of 'Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum' systems? 250 words
    Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min
    0 / 250 words 11:00

Prelims

  1. Which of the following properties allows a qubit to exist in multiple states simultaneously, significantly increasing computational capacity?

  2. What is the primary objective of using 'logical qubits' in quantum computing?