Which of the following best describes the physiological mechanism of Type 1 diabetes?

The pancreas is unable to produce sufficient insulin due to the destruction of beta-cells.

The kidneys fail to filter glucose, leading to its accumulation in the blood.

The body becomes resistant to the insulin produced by the pancreas.

The liver overproduces glucose regardless of insulin levels.

What is the primary function of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices?

To provide real-time updates on glucose levels via sensors inserted under the skin.

To automatically inject insulin whenever blood sugar levels rise.

To permanently cure hyperglycaemia by regulating pancreatic function.

To replace the need for dietary management in diabetic patients.

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17 July 2026

Alexander Zverev and Type 1 diabetes awareness

While the topic provides useful context on the management and challenges of Type 1 diabetes, it is a personality-driven news item rather than a direct policy or health issue relevant to the UPSC syllabus.

Notes

Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease where the pancreas's beta-cells are destroyed, preventing insulin production.
T1D differs from Type 2 diabetes, where the body resists insulin effects.
Insulin is essential for glucose absorption; lack of it leads to hyperglycaemia (high blood glucose).
Short-term symptoms of hyperglycaemia include thirst, frequent urination, fatigue, and blurred vision; long-term effects include organ damage.
Management involves external insulin administration via pens, syringes, or pumps.
Hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar) is a risk of insulin therapy, potentially causing loss of consciousness or death.
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices use sensors under the skin to provide real-time data to apps or pumps.
40% of T1D patients are unaware of hypoglycaemic episodes.
Managing T1D in high-performance sports requires balancing energy intake, insulin levels, and physical exertion.
Hypervigilance in T1D management is linked to increased burnout and mental health challenges.

Questions

Explain the physiological differences between Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. How do modern medical technologies like Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) assist in managing the condition for individuals with high physical activity levels? 150 words

Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min

0 / 150 words 8:00
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) pose a significant challenge to public health and workforce productivity. Discuss the socio-economic implications of managing chronic autoimmune conditions like Type 1 diabetes and the role of public awareness in reducing stigma and improving patient outcomes. 250 words

Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min

0 / 250 words 11:00

Prelims

Which of the following best describes the physiological mechanism of Type 1 diabetes?

What is the primary function of Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) devices?

Syllabus

Social Sector/Services: health, education, human resources GS2

Topics

Sources

Alexander Zverev’s Grand Slam winputs Type 1 diabetes in the spotlight

250words.in · https://250words.in/daily/2026-07-17/alexander-zverev-and-type-1-diabetes-awareness