Under the Code of Criminal Procedure, which of the following is the correct process for the withdrawal of a criminal case before a judgment is pronounced?

The public prosecutor moves an application for withdrawal, which the court may grant after giving the victim an opportunity to be heard.

The Home Ministry issues a direct order to the police to cancel the FIR.

The investigating officer files a closure report which is final and binding on the court.

The state government issues a notification of amnesty which automatically nullifies all pending FIRs.

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30 July 2026

Protests against police crackdown and student arrests

The topic is highly relevant due to the K. Radhakrishnan Committee report on NTA reforms and the constitutional/legal questions regarding the separation of powers and the functioning of statutory bodies.

Notes

Protests occurred at Jantar Mantar and other locations following a 36-day agitation regarding examination irregularities and police conduct.
Supreme Court interim order permits police investigation into FIRs but restricts coercive action against students without criminal antecedents.
Legal experts clarify that government assurances of amnesty cannot override statutory criminal processes; FIRs require closure reports or public prosecutor withdrawal applications, both subject to judicial scrutiny.
The K. Radhakrishnan Committee (October 2024) proposed a statutory, UPSC-like National Testing Agency (NTA) with functional verticals for cybersecurity, psychometrics, and forensics.
Proposed NTA reforms include a biometric framework (Aadhaar, facial recognition) and a transition to continuous, computer-adaptive testing.
Structural challenges for the NTA include recruitment cycles, competitive pay scales, and the need for legislative sanction for cadre creation.
West Bengal Public Safety and Control of Anti-Social Activities Act, 2026, was invoked during recent protests.
Legal procedures for withdrawing criminal cases involve the public prosecutor moving an application, which the court grants only after hearing the victim.

Questions

Discuss the legal procedure for the withdrawal of criminal prosecution and the role of the judiciary in ensuring that such withdrawals are not arbitrary. 150 words

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The recurring crises in national-level examinations highlight systemic failures in institutional autonomy and assessment design. Critically examine the proposed structural reforms for testing agencies in India and the challenges in implementing a technology-driven, secure examination framework. 250 words

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Prelims

Under the Code of Criminal Procedure, which of the following is the correct process for the withdrawal of a criminal case before a judgment is pronounced?

Syllabus

Topics

Sources

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