11 August 2026

Parliamentary deadlock over student protests

The Tribunals Reforms Bill addresses the critical constitutional issue of judicial independence and the separation of powers, directly following Supreme Court directives on the structure and oversight of quasi-judicial bodies.

Questions

1. Discuss the significance of the National Tribunals Commission in ensuring judicial independence and transparency in the appointment process of tribunal members, in light of recent legislative reforms. 150 words
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2. The principle of separation of powers is fundamental to the functioning of Indian democracy. Analyze how the establishment of independent oversight bodies for tribunals addresses concerns regarding judicial independence and administrative efficiency. 250 words
   Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min

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Prelims

1. The National Tribunals Commission, as proposed in the Tribunals Reforms Bill, 2026, is intended to be composed of:

   1. A A chairperson and two members
   2. B A chairperson and six members
   3. C A chairperson and eight members
   4. D A chairperson and four members

2. Who among the following is eligible to head the proposed National Tribunals Commission?

   1. A The Union Law Minister
   2. B A senior bureaucrat with 20 years of experience
   3. C A retired Supreme Court judge or a retired Chief Justice of a High Court
   4. D A sitting Supreme Court judge