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19 August 2026

Helicase enzyme function

While the topic relates to fundamental biological processes relevant to biotechnology and health research, it is a basic scientific concept rather than a specific policy, legislation, or current event that would be asked directly in the UPSC Mains.

1 min read 1 questions 2 prelims

Notes

  • Helicase is an enzyme responsible for unwinding double-stranded DNA to facilitate genetic replication.
  • The process requires energy derived from ATP to break bonds between DNA bases.
  • The separation of DNA strands creates a Y-shaped structure known as the replication fork.
  • Topoisomerase enzymes work in conjunction with helicase to relieve DNA twisting and prevent breakage or tangling ahead of the replication fork.
  • Once separated, exposed DNA strands serve as templates for the synthesis of new complementary strands.
  • Recent research published in Nature Communications identified a molecular safety catch mechanism that regulates the timing of DNA replication initiation.

Questions

  1. Explain the role of helicase and topoisomerase in the process of DNA replication. How does the cell ensure the precise initiation of this biological process? 150 words
    Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min
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Prelims

  1. What is the primary function of the helicase enzyme during DNA replication?

  2. Which enzyme is responsible for preventing DNA from becoming tangled or breaking during the replication process?

Syllabus

Topics

Sources

250words.in · https://250words.in/daily/2026-08-19/helicase-enzyme-function