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4 September 2026

Legacy of Gloria Steinem

While Gloria Steinem is a significant global figure in feminism, her legacy serves as useful context for understanding the evolution of women's movements and NGO-led social activism rather than being a direct subject for UPSC examination.

1 min read 2 questions 1 prelims

Notes

  • Gloria Steinem (1932-2024) was a prominent American journalist and activist, recognized as an icon of the second-wave feminist movement.
  • She co-founded 'Ms.' magazine in 1972, which addressed issues such as domestic violence, sexual harassment, and reproductive rights.
  • Steinem advocated for 'reproductive freedom,' reframing abortion as a fundamental right for women to make decisions regarding their own bodies.
  • Her activism emphasized 'movement building' through 'Talking Circles,' a practice inspired by her time in India, aimed at community building and collective empowerment.
  • She maintained a long-standing association with India, working with organizations like Apne Aap Women Worldwide to address issues such as sex trafficking.
  • Key literary contributions include 'Outrageous Acts and Everyday Rebellions' and 'As if Women Matter: The Essential Gloria Steinem Reader'.
  • The second-wave feminist movement was characterized by the principle that 'the personal is political,' focusing on systemic gender inequality.

Questions

  1. Discuss the significance of the 'second-wave' feminist movement in shaping contemporary discourse on gender equality and reproductive rights. 150 words
    Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min
    0 / 150 words 8:00
  2. Analyze the role of grassroots activism and community-based 'talking circles' in addressing systemic social issues like gender-based violence and human trafficking in India. 250 words
    Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min
    0 / 250 words 11:00

Prelims

  1. Which magazine, co-founded by Gloria Steinem in 1972, became a significant platform for the second-wave feminist movement?