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9 September 2026

CosmoCube satellite mission to moon's far side

The mission provides relevant context for India's own space exploration efforts, specifically the PRATUSH project, which falls under the GS3 syllabus for space technology.

1 min read 2 questions 3 prelims

Notes

  • CosmoCube is a small satellite mission led by the Royal Astronomical Society (RAS) to the far side of the moon.
  • The mission aims to detect ultra-faint radio signals from neutral hydrogen during the 'Cosmic Dark Ages' (380,000 to 200 million years after the Big Bang).
  • The moon's far side acts as a natural shield against radio interference generated on Earth.
  • The satellite will operate at low frequencies (10-100 MHz) using a sensitive radiometer to identify the 21-cm spectral line.
  • The 21-cm signal was predicted by Hendrik van de Hulst in 1944 and first observed by Ewen and Purcell in 1951.
  • The mission aims to investigate the 'Hubble tension' by exploring the period between the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) and the formation of the first stars.
  • India has a similar proposed project called PRATUSH (Probing ReionisATion of the Universe using Signal from Hydrogen).
  • The mission duration is planned for two years, with data transmission occurring when the satellite is not behind the moon.

Questions

  1. Explain the significance of the 'Cosmic Dark Ages' in understanding the evolution of the universe and discuss how lunar-based radio astronomy can help bridge the current knowledge gap. 150 words
    Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min
    0 / 150 words 8:00
  2. What is the 'Hubble tension' in modern cosmology? Discuss how missions like CosmoCube and India's PRATUSH aim to resolve this discrepancy by exploring the early universe's neutral hydrogen signals. 250 words
    Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min
    0 / 250 words 11:00

Prelims

  1. The 'Cosmic Dark Ages' refers to which period in the history of the universe?

  2. Why is the far side of the moon considered an ideal location for radio astronomy?

  3. What is the primary objective of the 21-cm signal detection in cosmology?