Which of the following best describes the 'One Health' approach in the context of biotechnology and public health?

An integrated approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of human health, animal health, and environmental factors.

A framework designed to prioritize AI-driven drug discovery over traditional wet-lab research.

A policy mandating that all biotech startups must be registered under a single national regulatory body.

A strategy focused exclusively on the development of low-cost vaccines for domestic use.

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12 September 2026

Biotechnology sector development and innovation

The topic provides a comprehensive overview of the biotechnology sector's growth, regulatory challenges, and policy requirements, which are directly relevant to GS3 science and technology and GS2 social sector development questions.

Notes

India's biotech sector is shifting from reliance on Western-developed molecules and vaccines to indigenous research and manufacturing.
The sector is growing at a CAGR of 12-13%, with over 2,500 biotech startups currently in India, including over 1,100 started in the last year.
Key growth areas include cell and gene therapy, precision medicine, AI-enabled drug discovery, and immunology-driven therapeutics.
Challenges include the need for long-term 'patient' capital, a predictable regulatory framework, and the transition from 'volume to value' in biopharma.
Regulatory concerns: Current frameworks often mirror Western models, creating high barriers to entry that favor large firms and stifle innovation; there is a need for 'contextual regulation'.
Data privacy: Experts emphasize the need for a legal framework to prevent the misuse of genetic information as sequencing becomes more common.
Human capital: There is an urgent need to address the quality of education at scale, with suggestions to integrate industry/academic internships into undergraduate curricula.
One Health approach: Emphasized as critical for linking life sciences with food security and managing infectious diseases.
Translational research: Crucial for converting scientific outcomes into socially conscious prototypes and products.

Questions

The Indian biotechnology sector is transitioning from a manufacturing-led model to an innovation-driven ecosystem. Discuss the challenges in regulatory and financial frameworks that hinder this transition. 150 words

Attempt this — 150 words in 8 min

0 / 150 words 8:00
With the rapid advancement of genomic sequencing and precision medicine, the protection of genetic data has emerged as a significant governance challenge. Examine the need for a robust legal framework to balance medical innovation with individual privacy rights in India. 250 words

Attempt this — 250 words in 11 min

0 / 250 words 11:00

Prelims

Which of the following best describes the 'One Health' approach in the context of biotechnology and public health?

Syllabus

Topics

Sources

250words.in · https://250words.in/daily/2026-09-12/biotechnology-sector-development-and-innovation