Accountability

Why it matters

• Ensures transparency and reduces the scope for administrative corruption or arbitrary exercise of power.
• Strengthens public trust in governance institutions by establishing mechanisms for redressal and performance evaluation.
• Promotes efficiency by aligning the actions of public officials with constitutional mandates and policy objectives.

How it is asked

Focus on the distinction between vertical accountability (elections, judicial oversight) and horizontal accountability (internal audits, ombudsmen, and institutional checks), as well as the role of ethics in public administration.