Archaeology

Why it matters

• Provides empirical evidence to reconstruct past human societies, technological advancements, and socio-economic structures in the absence of written records.
• Facilitates the preservation and understanding of cultural heritage, which serves as a foundation for national identity and historical continuity.
• Offers insights into long-term human adaptation to environmental changes, providing context for contemporary sustainability and climate challenges.

How it is asked

Focus on the methodology of archaeological excavations, the role of the Archaeological Survey of India in heritage conservation, and the integration of scientific techniques like carbon dating and remote sensing in historical research.