Atmanirbhar Bharat

Why it matters

• Promotes import substitution to reduce the trade deficit and vulnerability to global supply chain disruptions.
• Encourages industrial localization by incentivizing domestic manufacturing and technological innovation.
• Focuses on improving the ease of doing business to attract long-term capital investment.
• Aims to integrate local enterprises into the global value chain through improved quality standards and economies of scale.

How it is asked

Focus on the structural reforms related to land, labour, liquidity, and laws, as well as the impact on the 'Make in India' initiative and macroeconomic stability.