Disasters

Why it matters

• Disasters threaten the developmental gains of a nation by causing large-scale destruction of critical infrastructure and public assets.
• They exacerbate socio-economic inequalities, as marginalized populations often face higher vulnerability and slower recovery rates.
• Effective disaster management is essential for ensuring long-term national security and sustainable economic growth.
• Integrated disaster risk reduction strategies are vital for building community resilience against climate-induced and anthropogenic hazards.

How it is asked

Candidates should focus on the institutional framework for disaster management, the shift from a relief-centric approach to a proactive risk-reduction model, and the role of local governance in disaster preparedness and mitigation.