Extraterritorial Jurisdiction

Why it matters

• It enables states to prosecute crimes that have a cross-border impact, such as cybercrime, terrorism, or human trafficking.
• It serves as a mechanism to uphold international legal obligations and protect national security interests beyond sovereign borders.
• It creates potential for diplomatic friction when the exercise of such jurisdiction conflicts with the principle of territorial sovereignty of other nations.

How it is asked

Focus on the conflict between the principle of Westphalian sovereignty and the practical necessity of addressing transnational crimes under international law.