Mineral Resources

Why it matters

• Serve as the foundational raw materials for manufacturing, infrastructure development, and the energy transition.
• Form the basis of industrialization and are critical for achieving self-reliance in strategic sectors like electronics and defense.
• Contribute significantly to national revenue through royalties, taxes, and export earnings.
• Influence regional development patterns and socio-economic outcomes in areas where extraction activities are concentrated.

How it is asked

Focus on the classification of minerals, the legal framework governing mining rights and environmental clearances, the challenges of sustainable extraction, and the strategic importance of critical minerals for national security and economic growth.