National Pension System (NPS)

Why it matters

• Promotes long-term financial inclusion and retirement planning for both government employees and the private sector.
• Reduces the long-term fiscal burden on the state compared to defined-benefit pension models.
• Encourages capital market development by channeling household savings into diversified equity and debt instruments.

How it is asked

Focus on the structural shift from defined-benefit to defined-contribution schemes, the role of the regulator, and the implications for fiscal sustainability and social security architecture.