Transnational Crime

Why it matters

• Undermines the rule of law and the sovereignty of nation-states by creating parallel power structures.
• Threatens global economic stability through illicit financial flows, money laundering, and the distortion of legitimate markets.
• Exacerbates human security challenges, including human trafficking, drug smuggling, and the proliferation of illicit arms.
• Necessitates complex international cooperation and intelligence sharing, which often challenges traditional concepts of national jurisdiction.

How it is asked

Focus on the institutional mechanisms for international cooperation such as INTERPOL, the UN Convention against Transnational Organized Crime (UNTOC), and the challenges posed by cyber-enabled crime and jurisdictional limitations in cross-border investigations.