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Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) Summit

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Summit is the annual meeting of the Heads of State Council, serving as the supreme decision-making body of the Eurasian political, economic, and security alliance.

Why it matters

  • It provides India a primary multilateral platform to deepen engagement with Central Asian nations and address regional security threats through the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure.
  • The forum enables India to exercise strategic autonomy by maintaining active diplomacy with Eurasian powers alongside its engagements in Western-led groupings.
  • It serves as a key platform for discussing regional stability in Afghanistan and advancing trade, energy, and transit connectivity across continental Eurasia.

How it is asked

UPSC frames questions on the SCO Summit under GS Paper II, focusing on India's strategic balancing act between Eurasian commitments and Western partnerships. Questions frequently require candidates to analyze the internal contradictions of the grouping, particularly bilateral frictions among members, against its potential for counter-terrorism and regional connectivity. Candidates must demonstrate an understanding of how India navigates China's dominant influence within the summit to safeguard its own national interests.

Where it sits

Coverage

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