MGNREGA

The Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act is a rights-based legal framework that guarantees one hundred days of wage employment per financial year to rural households whose adult members volunteer for unskilled manual work.

• It shifts the social welfare paradigm from discretionary, supply-driven relief to a legally enforceable, demand-driven entitlement for rural labor.
• It operationalizes grassroots governance by empowering Gram Sabhas to plan, execute, and conduct mandatory social audits of local development works.
• It acts as a macroeconomic stabilizer during rural economic distress while enhancing natural resource management, soil conservation, and agricultural productivity.

UPSC frames questions on MGNREGA across GS Paper II and GS Paper III, focusing on governance mechanics, fiscal decentralization, and rural employment outcomes. Candidates are evaluated on their ability to analyze implementation bottlenecks, such as wage payment delays and asset durability, alongside structural impacts on female labor force participation. Answers require balancing its role as a safety net against administrative challenges, incorporating digital interventions like biometric attendance and geotagging.

• Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections GS2
• Government policies and interventions GS2
• Indian Economy GS3

• Ayushman Bharat
• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
• Blue Revolution
• Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Grameen Kaushalya Yojana (DDU-GKY)
• Green Revolution – Krishonnati Yojana
• Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Cooperation
• Integrated Scheme on Agricultural Marketing
• Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture
• National Food Security Mission
• National Health Mission
• National Livestock Mission
• National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture
• National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm
• National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture
• National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)
• National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP)
• National Urban Livelihoods Mission (NULM)
• Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana
• PMAY
• Poshan Abhiyaan
• Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana
• Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY)
• Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana
• Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana (PMMY)
• Price Stabilization Fund
• Rashtriya Gokul Mission
• Samagra Shiksha Abhiyan
• Skill India Mission
• Soil Health Card Scheme